Friday, December 12, 2014

Anna Akhmatova (1889-1966). Requiem.




Anna Akhmatova, the Grand Dame of the Russian poetry and the belle of the Russian silver age, did not enter earlier because she belongs with Boris Pasternak to the neo-classicist wing of  the poetic endeavor. Yet, she was a pupil and wife of Gumilev, a friend of Mandelstams and a mentor to Brodsky. She also was a lover of Modigliani and Isaiah Berlin. If this were not enough, her Requiem was not only a masterpiece of Russian XX century poetry, easily comparable to J. Alfred Prufrock or the Waste Land, but also a watershed between the poetry of the first half of the XX century centered on St. Petersburg and its second half centered on Moscow.

Requiem written in the memory of the victims of Stalinist terror--among whom were her third (common law) husband, art historian,  Punin (died in the camps after the death of Stalin) and her son Lev Gumilev (spent 15 years in Gulag)--is not only a monument to her civic consciousness but also the great work of art. Read it.

P. S. Anna Akhmatova Requiem is one of the most translated Russian poems in English and I defer to the earlier translators. One of rather faithful translations is provided by Evgeny Bovner.




P.S. Akhmatova and her comedienne friend Faina Ranevskaya in their later years were accomplished conversationalist broads pronouncing brush, harsh and hilarious judgments on the contemporary literary and political scene. 

Friday, August 22, 2014

Ferdinand Zeheshtern

Finally, I exercise the privilege of all creators of anthologies, namely publish my own verse (with my own translation). The poem describes the collision between Chinese and Aryan mythologies of people getting control of the waters as an act of creation.

 Legend of Yu the Engineer

Six princes in council;
Six banners fly:
Guyn has screwed up
He must die.

Yao had said his very wise word:
"Yu will obtain his shovel and sword.
Yu has his legs joint at the knees,
His hands are all split up, like bushes of trees,
He must have been begotten by Earth,
Yu will obtain his shovel and sword."                      

Wise Yu has in the place of his face            
Something all vague and out of place                                          
                                                                      

By Mother Earth he must have been born
He will yoke up the watery storm

Who has reopened the watery pass
Who Vraetona fucked in his ass?

Years are gone and eons have passed
Yet Yao's sayings are all that will last:
"He who has his body crippled and wrought
Must've been begotten by powerful gods."

Six princes in council;
Six banners fly:
Gyun had screwed up.
He must die.

Под шелест шести
Ванов знамен
Гунь в распиздяйстве
Был обвинен

Яо промолвил мудрую речь
Юю доверим воды стеречь
Юю доверим воды стеречь
Вот кто получит заступ и меч.

У Юя ноги срослись до колен
Неразделимы в цельности члены
Знать он рожден самою землей
Вот усмирит кто смерч водяной

У мудрого Юя на месте лица
Неразличимо все до конца
Знать он рожден самою землей
Вот усмирит кто смерч водяной

Кто отворил потоки для вод
Демона Вритру выебал в рот?

Годы проходят, идут времена
Помнят сказание племена:
"У Юя ноги срослись до колен
Знать божеством всемогущим рожден."

Под шелест шести ванов знамен
Гунь в распиздяйстве был обвинен.

                                    1962

Империя. Рондо.

                                    «Его палаццо из палацц
                                    За струнной изгородью лиры.»

                                                И. Северянин

Стоит безмолвно, безнадежно,
Окутанный во мрак Китая,
То Сталиным слывущий Брежнев,
Иль в Брежневе воскресший Сталин.
По небесам не ходят волны
И мрак Китая столь подвержен
Кресту, что держит Брежнев Сталин,
Но отвергает Сталин Брежнев
У стен недвижного Китая
Стальной щетиной искореженной
Гордится мощью намекая на
имя то чье тело --Сталин то
тело то чье имя --Брежнев


                                    1972

Empire. Rondeau.

                           "Palazzo, fairest of palazzos 
                             Behind his lyre's stringed palisade"
                                        
                                          Igor Severyanin

It lurks and lurks in deadly silence
Sunk in the darkest void of China
That's brezhnev who's becoming stalin
Or stalin's resurrected brezhnev.
The waves o'er sky are not that falling
And yet the void maintains the Crosses
Whose firm support is brezhnev-stalin
But are rejected stalin-brezhnev.
At china walls of sleepy China
The heap of mangled steel corrosive
Maintains in name the body stalin
The name which has the body brezhnev. 

Saturday, July 27, 2013

Christian corner: Korkiya, Kibirov, Kekova, Sedakova

Technically, we transcend our "short twentieth century" convention because the most active period of these poets fell on the first post-Soviet decade. Korkiya's epic "Hosts (forty by forty)" is the poem, which concluded the Soviet period in Russian literature both due to its content and circumstances of its emergence on the literary scene. Korkiya's "The Hosts", Kibirov, Kekova and Sedakova were the brightest poetic constellation of post-Revolutionary Russia.

In contrast to the West, the extreme social conservatism was always since Archpriest Avvakum (Habbakuk), a fellow traveler of literary modernism in Russia. Even for T. S. Eliot, his turn to ultra-conservative political stance coincided with the evolution of his literary taste to a more traditionalist viewpoint (hence, "The Criterion"). In Russia, literary innovation and traditionalist, sometimes even obscurantist social views (Dostoevsky, Gumilev, G. Ivanov, I. Brodsky) frequently went hand-in-hand. Because of that, American campus-based literary culture was frequently overlooking the Christian wing of the Russian poetry, especially when it did not express social protest, which is still the hallmark of "Russian-ness" among the Western Slavists.


Т. Кибиров. 2011

Currently, Timur Kibirov (pseudonym of Zapoev, i.e. Mr. Hangover), an Ossetian, i.e. nominally Moslem named after Timur the Lame, undeniably the greatest poet of the late Soviet, early post-Soviet literature almost ceased secular poetry writing. Korkiya mostly moved to (sometimes poetic) drama. Yet, some of Kibirov's literary output, e.g. his short poem "Travel from A? to Z?" burst into being as something as monumental as the Divine Comedy, or Beowulf, something I cannot and do not yet dare to translate. In that short epic poem, Kibirov runs the course of Russian history through the mythological combat to the death between two unrecognized brothers or father/son. Each contest is staged in the language and imagery of the historic epoch starting with traditional saga-ballad ("былина") and ending with tape-recorded drivel of Russian declasse yokels in the late Soviet Union.

Svetlana Kekova's poetic work had the same watershed quality as characterized Khlebnikov and Mayakovsky according to Anna Akhmatova. She suggested that all that Khlebnikov was writing before the Revolution was hackwork and genial thereafter, while for Mayakovsky it was just the opposite. Her pre-revolutionary, pre-Christian conversion poetry was a talented imitation of Brodsky (myriad of contemporary Russian poets imitated Brodsky with different degree of proficiency). Only when she turned to unrestrained Christian declamation, her poetic talents had fully developed. Unlike the majority of Russian poets (with notable exceptions of Vyacheslav Ivanov and I. Annensky), who were indifferently educated, Kekova has a PhD in Russian literature and an author of literary studies in her own right.

Korkia, from "The Hosts" (excerpts)

To the thousandth anniversary of Russia’s Conversion to Orthodoxy
  





            We are naïve, we are sublime,
            We fly through currents of the Ethers,
            In our weightlessness, extreme,
            And frolicsome, as band of cripples.
            We’re passing by an old Third Rome,
And all the downtown Crosses,
            There are no pastures o’er us,
            Which would not turn in our pastiche.

            The ashes of ten centuries
            Fall, fall on poor of the soul  
            And secretly, the forty hosts
            Are wailing, as the Earthen Mothers.
            The fact that they do not exist,
            As does the Nature, our Mother,
            Sheds glimpses of some Secret Light
            On perestroika’s gho/astly years. 
  
            Fly high, the crutch, Ostankino,
            For Ethers is a plainly vacuum,
            Where only cosmic dust is not
            Entangled in “War and Peace” discussions.
            Our times rewind as VHS 
            And the idea pops straight out
            And crawls-- from primordial marsh;
            Amphibian—to solid ground.  

            Life winds throughout back and forth
            as rivers turned by Soviet bosses.
            While our way of sorrows,  
           Sails to Byzantium from Normans.
            We are amazed by silence, which
            conjures us by the people’s voices.
            Some have as mother Motherland,
            But I keep Freedom as my mistress...

....................................................................................


             I love the sum of total good,
            And to the manly strength that roams,
            I love vaginas of subway
            Which till 1 AM remain wide open.

            This love False Dmitri barely knew,
            He marched to field of Kulikovo,
            To get renamed Donskoi anew,
            But fell on ice of the Sadovoy.
            His handsome corpse would pay last dues,
            Of his grim fate took no nonsense.
            St. Jury’s Day proscribed the Jews, 
            Which was for Ivan’s heart bit warming.
            He murdered son and heir, the B.,
            Appointed Cossacks to the “service”,
            By founding the KGB
And took greenbacks in lieu of corvée.
But Habakkuk, the Archpriest,
Confused the folk, and Razin, Sten’ka,
Ignited fire from his dark thoughts
And threatened Tsar with this Inferno.
Then Peter suddenly decides
To hand Alaska to his neighbors.
He killed his son, and being hideous, 
He hurried to Afghanistan
To scare his enemies, the Swedes.

....................................................................................

Khan Karl-Adolf-Napoleon
Surprised the Kalmyck and the Cossack
But the wild bunch of Amazons
Defeated the barbarian rank.
Tsaritsa Katya raged, forlorn,
But forced her march to Angles Terra,
She killed her “rebel on the throne”
            And got remarried, to Voltaire.
            Their first offspring was kind of wit,
            The second—kept in Maltas forum,
            And third—he died before his sleep
            But keeping in with all decorum.
            He sent Pouchkíne, the Fatalist,
            To Holy Hills, for absolution,
            Where he, already in his grave,
            Described Sodom of Revolution.
            
...............................................

                         And in the streets is Spring, you hood,
                        and warmth, Blue Sky, Red Flying Banners.
                        Rage, rage, you, the Star Wormwood
                        In the concrete slabs of Chernobyl.
                        “Salute, the Third Rome, I salute,
                        Continue chat a little bit later,
                        Minherz, remember Germantown,
                                   
                        Did you forget your cuckoo’s crown?”
                        Why do these voices always come?
                        Who comes inviting them by dawn?
.................................................................

                        But there is no Savior Christ,
                        And truths became at once uncertain
                        When Holy Star of Bethlehem
                        Illuminated Iron Curtain. 






Olga Sedakova, like Svetlana Kekova, has a PhD in philology. She works not only as a poet but as a practicing theologian, Dr. Theol. Honoris Causa. Given a practical retirement of Kibirov from secular poetry altogether, she remains one and only great Russian poet.

Her theology despite her insistence on strict Orthodoxy has a definite Renaissance quality to it. She, for instance, glorifies Elena Schwartz, deceased St. Petersburg sapphic poetess and the reference to her memory on Sedakova's web site contains a statue of Sappho below bas-relief of a Love Genie with phallic ornaments. 

Saturday, April 27, 2013

Second Conceptualist Wave (Parschikov, Iskrenko, Arabov, Irten'ev, Bunimovich, Druk, Rubinstein)


          If by XX century, we truly mean a “short century” (1914-1989) beginning from a shot in Saraevo and ending with the Fall of the Berlin Wall, the second conceptualist wave concludes this chapter of the Russian poetry.
          Most of these poets were already in their thirties and forties when they first appeared in public during the Perestroika years (1985-1989), and, some continue their poetic oeuvre in the new Russia (or America). The brightest stars of this generation, Parschikov and Iskrenko, are deceased, the “last decadent” Yuri Arabov (whom author remembers as looking like a very large insect) became accomplished screenwriter and Evgenii Bunimovich launched a successful career in Moscow City politics.
        Another umbrella term used to describe them is “Moscow mytho-poets”, which accurately characterizes their main unifying feature as the troubadours of the collective (sub) consciousness of the Soviet era quickly descending into a popular myth.  

Saturday, April 6, 2013

First Conceptualist Wave: Genrikh Sapgir, Igor Kholin, Sosnora, etc.


O. Rabin, Money, 2001.

The poets of the first conceptualist wave approached a union as much as it could be done in the police state of the USSR. Its best-known poets: Genrikh Sapgir and Igor Kholin belonged to semi-formal "Lianozovo" group together with the painter Oskar Rabin (b. 1928) and, at least for some time, novelist, playwright and essayist Benedict Yerofeev who penned the greatest Russian novel of the second half of the XX century, "Moscow to Petushki." Sosnora (b. 1936) was personally and socially close to the St. Petersburg neo-classicist circle (Brodsky, A. Kushner, the Lifshitses, father and son, E. Rein) but, artistically, very different from them.  The FCW poets provided an important link between the pre-war Russian avant-guard and the Second Conceptualist Wave concluding the Soviet period in Russian poetry. (Rubinstein, Parschikov, Kibirov, etc.) One of the distinguishing characteristics of the FCW poets, which joined them with pre-War Oberiuyts, was their co-mingling with contemporary (underground and semi-underground) painters, sculptors, performance organizers, etc.

G. Sapgir has been translated by already mentioned A. Kudryavitsky, who prohibits reproduction of his verse.




Г. Сапгир (1928-1999)













                                                                                                         И. Холин (1920-1999)

Saturday, March 9, 2013

Gennady Aigi (Lisin; 1934-2007)





Gennady Aigi occupied an ambivalent position in Soviet Russia. For one, his poetry was demonstrably against Socialist Realism canon and for that he was expelled from the creative writing program.  His poetry was very much like Celan's: condensed, aphoristic and opaque. However, there could not be more difference between the two men: Celan was a paramount urbanite, while Aigi was most at home in the  village (see the photo), or so he loved to pretend. For two, the most sublime of the post-War Russian poets was a Chuvash, a member of ethnic minority and as such a target of promotion in accordance to the Soviet “nationality” policies. Similarly ambivalent was his position with respect to the Nobel Prize Committee, which preferred outspoken dissident Brodsky to the quiet and withdrawn Aigi who ostensibly was nominated several times. But there was also an intrinsic shortcoming: similarly to Velimir Khlebnikov, almost every single mature poem, which Aigi wrote was perfect. But perfection (as someone French, probably Debussy or A. France said) is only a first step to viability.

Gennady Aigi is adequately translated into English, in particular, by the Russian-Polish-Irish translator Kudryavitsky who, regrettably, prohibits any reproduction of his work. 

Saturday, March 2, 2013

Iosif (Joseph) Brodsky (1940-1996)


Iosif (Joseph) Brodsky (1940-1996)


       Joseph Brodsky was larger-than-life illustration to the saying of Russian comedienne Ranevskaya, the friend of his literary mentor Anna Akhmatova that “the talent is like a boil that can spring on any ass.” The ultimate subject of his thoughts was always Joseph Brodsky. Equally narcissistic doyen of the émigré Russian letters Vladimir Nabokov was at least daily reminded that he may be a Pope of the Russian literature but that it has a goddess and her name is Vera.
          By the end of his life, his pretense of morphing into a Gilded Age old money type: buying a New England estate, marrying eurotrash Russian-Italian Princess, negotiating a purchase of Venetian Palazzo and acquiring a set of political views matching this persona, started to be bordering on comic. His steady diet of stogies, cognac and pitch-black coffee finally worn his health down and this scion of Jewish tailors found his rest on the Venetian cemetery, in its Protestant section.
        Yet, his poetic genius is undeniable and in a particular genre of an elegy, Brodsky could not find his rival elsewhere but in his adored Romans, Virgil in particular. It is even hard to say whether his (bi-) sexual and gastronomic preferences were the conscious imitation of a life of the Roman patrician or natural habits. Awkwardly for Brodsky who detested any thing Russian, he wrote the best in the language of barbarians. 
       This awkwardness connected him to Paul Celan, who had to write in the language of the butchers of his family, though I doubt Brodsky ever gave his affinity with such “lo-oser” as Celan much of a thought. Because as Nabokov, he was bilingual and wrote in English in his later life, Brodsky is quite adequately translated, sometimes with the help of excellent poets in their own right.